Hypertension
Hypertension A Definition
Any blood pressure levels equal to or greater than systolic blood pressure of 140 mm of Hg and diastolic blood pressures of 90 mm of Hg are termed as Hypertension.Diabetes Mellitus
What is Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus a chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. According to International Diabetic Federation Diabetes affects 194 million people worldwide. The incidence and prevalence of the diabetes is increasing at some pace, it is estimated that in 2025 the number of diabetics will climb ladder of diabetes to reach 334 million. These figures give the idea about the incidence of disease, and among 194 million diabetics 80% are type II diabetics. Even in USA every one of the three born Americans is diabetic.Role of Obesity in Type II Diabetes
Obesity is major factor and even a primary cause of Type II diabetes. Abdominal obesity is infact more likely to cause the diabetes and other cardiovascular events than subcutaneous obesity. An estimate indicates that half of the type II diabetes cases result from obesity.Cause of Diabetes in Obesity
There is a very well established fact which indicates the obesity as a cause of type II diabetes. The fact is that the obesity causes and increases the resistance of tissues to the action of glucose resulting in increased blood level of glucose. The increased level of blood glucose is known as diabetes. The impaired intake of glucose by cells interferes with their energy needs and effects their functioning.Factors responsible for Diabetes in Obesity
The following factors released by adipose tissue are responsible for the Type II diabetes in obesity.Leptin
It is anti-obesity factor which decreases chances of obesity both in humans and animals. It also decreases the insulin resistance, so increase in adipose tissue decreases leptin which indirectly increases the insulin resistance of tissues and causes diabetes.TNF
It directly increases the tissue resistance to the insulin, leading to increased blood glucose levels and so diabetes.Free Fatty Acids
The mechanism by which Free Fatty Acids interfere with glucose uptake by tissues is quiet unclear but their role in increasing insulin resistance is well confirmed.Resistin
As the name indicates this factor increases the tissue insulin resistance directly and causes elevated blood glucose levels leading to diabetes.
Healthy Weight
Defining Healthy Weight
A healthy weight is defined in the terms of a statistical application or tool called Body Mass Index. A range BMI of 18 to 25 lies in the healthy weight limits for age of 35 years or less and this range is further relaxed from 21 to 27 for older age groups.Programs
Weight Loss Programs
Weight loss program is a combination of activities which help us to lose weight. It may involve different techniques and approaches. On planning losing weight is always a difficult thing to do and a choice of a appropriate weight loss program is a certain area of concern in this. After strong determination and will weight loss program is the on which the outcome of a weight loss plan depends.Types of Weight Loss Programs
Weight loss programs depend upon mainly upon type of physical activity and diet you eat. There are following types weight loss programs.- Do-It-Yourself Programs
- Non Clinical Programs
- Clinical Programs
BMI
Definition
It is defined as the weight to height ratio of an individual. It depends upon the weight and height.Formula Body mass index is weight divided by height squared of a person.
BMI a WHO recommended tool
BMI is a WHO recommended tool for the measurement of obesity and overweight status of a person. Now WHO stresses upon the use of BMI to assess the weight issues and obesity rather than conventional height and weight charts.Easy to use
BMI is simple and easy to use at home also. There is no technical assistance required by some professional. These simple statistics give good idea about a person’s health and weight. The other thing with the BMI is its quite good application and interpretation.Interpreting your BMI
A BMI calculation reading may fall in the following four grades| Obesity grades | BMI | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Not Applicable | Under 18 | Underweight |
| Grade 0 | Between 18-25 | Normal |
| Grade 1 | 25.9-29.9 | Overweight |
| Grade 2 | 30-39.9 | Obesity |
| Grade 3 | 40 and above | Severe Obesity |
BMI may be misleading
It can be misleading about the adiposity of the of a person when the person has muscular built. A person may have BMI of 30 without being obese. This is because the BMI only gives the statistical measure of a person’s fatty tissue it is not a direct measure of adipose tissue of body as done in skinfold test or by measuring by bioelectrical impedance. Even BMI can over state a community obesity level and can give false indication of obesity.BMI Formula
(Height in inches) x (Height in inches)
OR
(Height in Meters) x (Height in Meters)
BMI calculator
BMI table
There is a BMI table for the comparison of your BMI and knowing your obesity level.| Normal | Overweight | Obese | Extreme Obesity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BMI | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 |
| Height (ft.,in.) |
Body Weight (pounds)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4' 10" | 91 | 96 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 115 | 119 | 124 | 129 | 134 | 138 | 143 | 148 | 153 | 158 | 162 | 167 | 172 | 177 | 181 | 186 | 191 | 196 | 201 | 205 | 210 | 215 | 220 | 224 | 229 | 234 | 239 | 244 | 248 | 253 | 258 |
| 4' 11" | 94 | 99 | 104 | 109 | 114 | 119 | 124 | 128 | 133 | 138 | 143 | 148 | 153 | 158 | 163 | 168 | 173 | 178 | 183 | 188 | 193 | 198 | 203 | 208 | 212 | 217 | 222 | 227 | 232 | 237 | 242 | 247 | 252 | 257 | 262 | 267 |
| 5' | 97 | 102 | 107 | 112 | 118 | 123 | 128 | 133 | 138 | 143 | 148 | 153 | 158 | 163 | 168 | 174 | 179 | 184 | 189 | 194 | 199 | 204 | 209 | 215 | 220 | 225 | 230 | 235 | 240 | 245 | 250 | 255 | 261 | 266 | 271 | 276 |
| 5' 1" | 100 | 106 | 111 | 116 | 122 | 127 | 132 | 137 | 143 | 148 | 153 | 158 | 164 | 169 | 174 | 180 | 185 | 190 | 195 | 201 | 206 | 211 | 217 | 222 | 227 | 232 | 238 | 243 | 248 | 254 | 259 | 264 | 269 | 275 | 280 | 285 |
| 5' 2" | 104 | 109 | 115 | 120 | 126 | 131 | 136 | 142 | 147 | 153 | 158 | 164 | 169 | 175 | 180 | 186 | 191 | 196 | 202 | 207 | 213 | 218 | 224 | 229 | 235 | 240 | 246 | 251 | 256 | 262 | 267 | 273 | 278 | 284 | 289 | 295 |
| 5' 3" | 107 | 113 | 118 | 124 | 130 | 135 | 141 | 146 | 152 | 158 | 163 | 169 | 175 | 180 | 186 | 191 | 197 | 203 | 208 | 214 | 220 | 225 | 231 | 237 | 242 | 248 | 254 | 259 | 265 | 270 | 278 | 282 | 287 | 293 | 299 | 304 |
| 5' 4" | 110 | 116 | 122 | 128 | 134 | 140 | 145 | 151 | 157 | 163 | 169 | 174 | 180 | 186 | 192 | 197 | 204 | 209 | 215 | 221 | 227 | 232 | 238 | 244 | 250 | 256 | 262 | 267 | 273 | 279 | 285 | 291 | 296 | 302 | 308 | 314 |
| 5' 5" | 114 | 120 | 126 | 132 | 138 | 144 | 150 | 156 | 162 | 168 | 174 | 180 | 186 | 192 | 198 | 204 | 210 | 216 | 222 | 228 | 234 | 240 | 246 | 252 | 258 | 264 | 270 | 276 | 282 | 288 | 294 | 300 | 306 | 312 | 318 | 324 |
| 5' 6" | 118 | 124 | 130 | 136 | 142 | 148 | 155 | 161 | 167 | 173 | 179 | 186 | 192 | 198 | 204 | 210 | 216 | 223 | 229 | 235 | 241 | 247 | 253 | 260 | 266 | 272 | 278 | 284 | 291 | 297 | 303 | 309 | 315 | 322 | 328 | 334 |
| 5' 7" | 121 | 127 | 134 | 140 | 146 | 153 | 159 | 166 | 172 | 178 | 185 | 191 | 198 | 204 | 211 | 217 | 223 | 230 | 236 | 242 | 249 | 255 | 261 | 268 | 274 | 280 | 287 | 293 | 299 | 306 | 312 | 319 | 325 | 331 | 338 | 344 |
| 5' 8" | 125 | 131 | 138 | 144 | 151 | 158 | 164 | 171 | 177 | 184 | 190 | 197 | 203 | 210 | 216 | 223 | 230 | 236 | 243 | 249 | 256 | 262 | 269 | 276 | 282 | 289 | 295 | 302 | 308 | 315 | 322 | 328 | 335 | 341 | 348 | 354 |
| 5' 9" | 128 | 135 | 142 | 149 | 155 | 162 | 169 | 176 | 182 | 189 | 196 | 203 | 209 | 216 | 223 | 230 | 236 | 243 | 250 | 257 | 263 | 270 | 277 | 284 | 291 | 297 | 304 | 311 | 318 | 324 | 331 | 338 | 345 | 351 | 358 | 365 |
| 5' 10" | 132 | 139 | 146 | 153 | 160 | 167 | 174 | 181 | 188 | 195 | 202 | 209 | 216 | 222 | 229 | 236 | 243 | 250 | 257 | 264 | 271 | 278 | 285 | 292 | 299 | 306 | 313 | 320 | 327 | 334 | 341 | 348 | 355 | 362 | 369 | 376 |
| 5' 11" | 136 | 143 | 150 | 157 | 165 | 172 | 179 | 186 | 193 | 200 | 208 | 215 | 222 | 229 | 236 | 243 | 250 | 257 | 265 | 272 | 279 | 286 | 293 | 301 | 308 | 315 | 322 | 329 | 338 | 343 | 351 | 358 | 365 | 372 | 379 | 386 |
| 6' | 140 | 147 | 154 | 162 | 169 | 177 | 184 | 191 | 199 | 206 | 213 | 221 | 228 | 235 | 242 | 250 | 258 | 265 | 272 | 279 | 287 | 294 | 302 | 309 | 316 | 324 | 331 | 338 | 346 | 353 | 361 | 368 | 375 | 383 | 390 | 397 |
| 6' 1" | 144 | 151 | 159 | 166 | 174 | 182 | 189 | 197 | 204 | 212 | 219 | 227 | 235 | 242 | 250 | 257 | 265 | 272 | 280 | 288 | 295 | 302 | 310 | 318 | 325 | 333 | 340 | 348 | 355 | 363 | 371 | 378 | 386 | 393 | 401 | 408 |
| 6' 2" | 148 | 155 | 163 | 171 | 179 | 186 | 194 | 202 | 210 | 218 | 225 | 233 | 241 | 249 | 256 | 264 | 272 | 280 | 287 | 295 | 303 | 311 | 319 | 326 | 334 | 342 | 350 | 358 | 365 | 373 | 381 | 389 | 396 | 404 | 412 | 420 |
| 6' 3" | 152 | 160 | 168 | 176 | 184 | 192 | 200 | 208 | 216 | 224 | 232 | 240 | 248 | 256 | 264 | 272 | 279 | 287 | 295 | 303 | 311 | 319 | 327 | 335 | 343 | 351 | 359 | 367 | 375 | 383 | 391 | 399 | 407 | 415 | 423 | 431 |
| 6' 4" | 156 | 164 | 172 | 180 | 189 | 197 | 205 | 213 | 221 | 230 | 238 | 246 | 254 | 263 | 271 | 279 | 287 | 295 | 304 | 312 | 320 | 328 | 336 | 344 | 353 | 361 | 369 | 377 | 385 | 394 | 402 | 410 | 418 | 426 | 435 | 443 |
Source: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Find Your Obesity Level
Products
The increasing need of losing weight is being cashed by the ever expanding “Weight
loss industry”. The weight loss industry has reached 100 billion $ only
in USA. The weight loss products are being poured at rapid rate into the ever
growing weight loss market. The range of weight loss products has diversified
a lot form its beginning. Now you can find a lot of stuff around you in the
markets ranging from diet pills to phony devices and electrical stimulators.
A lot can be talked about the affectivity of each of the weight loss products
, but it would be worth mentioning to name some of the most common in demand.
Here I am not talking about the their market names I will mention them by their
types.
Diets
• Low calorie diets• Fad diets
Pills and capsules
• Fat blockers• Fat burners
• Starch blockers
• Diet pills
• Herbal pills
Devices
• Electrical stimulators• Satiety eyeglasses
• Acupuncture earrings
These weight loss products are in abundance in the market with a variety of brand names. The volume of money in this business has also mushroomed the growth of weight loss clinics or slimming centers. These clinics and slimming centers are also selling these products in one or other way. The price structure for weight loss products is also very high and the marketers just don’t mention their associated hazards. The manufacturer of weight loss products has very less to do with their side effects.
Methods
Weight loss methods are the techniques used to lose weight. These techniques can be used in combination or can be used alone to get rid of excess weight. A person planning to go for weight loss should have complete information of these techniques and also he should know the health and obesity level of his own. This information along with the advice of the physician will help him to choose the right weight loss method. There are following methods in practice to lose weight safely and efficiently.
Complications
Obesity is growing non communicable disease of the new world. Obesity is becoming a major health problem about 7% of the world population is suffering from obesity. Obesity simply is not a single health hazard but it is a platform for many other diseases. Obesity has direct relationship with its complications. More obese you are more vulnerable you are to the complications of obesity. Obesity is quiet difficult to treat and its complications are even more difficult to treat
Social and psychological problems
Concept of super fitness and a model look is catching the globe at a crazy pace. The fashion industry is adding a mountain tension into the society. A model look is being the rule of the day. The slimness has become the symbol of attractiveness. A fat and obese person suffers a psychological trauma everyday in the society. Even some people equate obesity with laziness and an ill feel. Although it is not always true. The obese person is considered a fun stuff. Slim and smart person is the requirement in most job cases. So a fat and obese person not only suffers with his looks and obesity is cosmetic problem for him but he also faces a sort of social boycott Social acceptance of a fat and obese person also becomes problem and is a major cause of depression in theses kind of persons. Other profound feelings are feeling of shame, isolation and rejection adding salt to the injury.
Obesity
Obesity is an emerging health problem. Its a estimate that 7 % of world population is suffering from obesity. The rate of growing of obesity is alarming . Even some nations face this problem at national level. In USA obesity is prevailing disease among the adults and children. There is lot of money being spent to control and prevent it.
